Rancang Bangun Sistem Tiga Strata dalam Sistem Pertanian Terintegrasi sebagai Penyedia Pakan Ternak Lokal Potensial di Lahan Bekas Tambang
Design and development of a three-strata system within an integrated farming system for providing potential local livestock feed on post-mining land
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46549/igkojei.v7i4.694Keywords:
Hijauan pakan ternak, Lahan pascatambang, Pertanian terintegrasi, Restorasi agroekologi, Sistem tiga strata, Agroecological restoration, Integrated agriculture, Livestock feed greens, Post-mining land, Three-strata systemAbstract
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan Sistem Tiga Strata (STS) dalam kerangka Sistem Pertanian Terintegrasi (SPT) sebagai strategi penyediaan hijauan pakan ternak (HPT) berkelanjutan pada lahan pascatambang. STS menggabungkan rumput, leguminosa, dan tanaman pertanian dalam pola berlapis yang berfungsi untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas pakan, memperbaiki kesuburan tanah, serta menunjang restorasi ekosistem. Kegiatan dilakukan di lahan timbunan tailing seluas ± 2 ha di MP 21.5, Timika, melalui kerja sama antara Universitas Papua dan PT Freeport Indonesia. Intervensi agronomis meliputi pembukaan lahan, pemupukan organik, penanaman spesies adaptif: Kopi (Coffea canephora), Kakao (Theobroma cacao), gamal (Gliricidia sepium), Kaliandra (Calliandra calothyrsus), rumput raja (Pennisetum purphoroiedes) dan rumput gelagah (Saccharum spontaneum), serta pemeliharaan berkelanjutan. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan tutupan vegetasi, struktur kanopi berlapis, dan ketersediaan hijauan berkualitas untuk ternak sapi dan unggas. Selain menghasilkan pakan, sistem ini turut meningkatkan kualitas tanah melalui fiksasi nitrogen dan kolonisasi mikroba tanah, serta mendukung biodiversitas lokal. Implementasi STS di lahan marginal terbukti menjadi pendekatan agroekologis yang efektif dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan, rehabilitasi lahan, dan pembangunan peternakan berkelanjutan.
Kata kunci: Hijauan pakan ternak; Lahan pascatambang; Pertanian terintegrasi; Restorasi agroekologi; Sistem tiga strata
ABSTRACT
This research aims to design and implement a Three-Strata System (TSS) within the framework of an Integrated Farming System (IFS) as a strategy for providing sustainable livestock forage (SLF) on post-mining land. STS combines grasses, legumes, and agricultural plants in a layered pattern that functions to improve the quality and quantity of feed, enhance soil fertility, and support ecosystem restoration. The activities were carried out on a ± 2 ha tailings storage area at MP 21.5, Timika, thru a collaboration between the University of Papua and PT Freeport Indonesia. Agronomic interventions include land clearing, organic fertilization, planting adaptive species Coffea canephora, Theobroma cacao, Gliricidia sepium, Calliandra calothyrsus, Pennisetum purphoroiedes dan Saccharum spontaneum, as well as sustainable maintenance. The results show an increase in vegetation cover, layered canopy structure, and the availability of quality forage for cattle and poultry. In addition to producing fodder, this system also improves soil quality thru nitrogen fixation and soil microbial colonization, as well as supporting local biodiversity. The implementation of STS on marginal lands has proven to be an effective agroecological approach in supporting food security, land rehabilitation, and sustainable livestock development.
Keywords: Agroecological restoration; Integrated agriculture; Livestock feed; greens; Post-mining land; Three-strata system
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Copyright (c) 2026 Freddy Pattiselanno, Onesimus Yoku, Evi W. Saragih, Djonly Woran, Daniel Y. Seseray, Willybrodus Amareyao, Feberius Harefa, Fersi K.I. Sing
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