Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science)

The development of bali cattle reproductive research in Indonesia: Systematic literature review

M. F. Ardiansyah — 2025-09-17

This study examines the development of Bali cattle farming in Indonesia using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. The eastern region of Indonesia is recognized as a key center for cattle production, particularly Bali cattle, which demonstrate strong adaptability to suboptimal environmental conditions. Through the analysis of 555 scientific articles sourced from the Scopus database, this study identifies critical factors influencing farming success—namely, feed management, animal health, and husbandry systems. Although public interest in cattle fattening enterprises has increased, many farmers still rely on traditional practices without strategic planning. Visualization using the VosViewer application reveals dominant research themes, including reproductive performance, genetic diversity, and environmental stress factors. These findings underscore the urgency of multi-stakeholder collaboration to improve productivity, enhance competitiveness, and promote the genetic conservation of Bali cattle. The study provides valuable insights for advancing animal husbandry science and shaping more effective livestock development strategies.

Impact of collection methods on semen quality, fertility, and hatchability in nunukan chickens

Novemia Fatmarisch — 2025-09-17

This study aims to evaluate the fertility and hatchability of Nunukan chickens responding to the rooster semen collected using the dorso-abdominal massage method and a collection tube by presenting a teaser. A total of 20 male Nunukan chickens were divided into two treatment groups, in healthy condition, aged 12-36 months, body weight 2.5-3.4 kg, and housed individually (35x45x60 cm³); the semen was collected every three days. Semen characteristics evaluated macroscopically included color, odor, consistency, volume, and pH; microscopically included sperm concentration, mass motility, progressive individual motility, total sperm per ejaculate, viability, abnormality, and sperm quality factor (SQF); furthermore, the artificial insemination technique was used to evaluate the effect of sperm quality on fertility and hatchability. Both methods showed no difference in macroscopic parameters; color, odor, consistency, and pH, and microscopic parameters (p>0.05); concentration, viability, abnormality, mass motility, and progressive individual motility. While semen volume, total sperm per ejaculate, and SQF showed significant differences (p<0.05). However, the fertility and hatchability rates are not significantly different (p>0.05). Despite the high quantitative qualities of rooster semen obtained with collection tubes and female teasers, Nunukan chickens' fertility and hatchability did not differ significantly (p>0.05) from other semen collection methods.

Keywords: collection method; fertility; hatchability, semen, quality

Exploration of the diversity of local green fodder of goats in North Biak District, Biak Numfor Regency

Rina M.E.S Tethool — 2025-09-17

Sustainable goat production in North Biak District, Papua, depends heavily on locally available forages, yet empirical information on species diversity remains limited. This study described the forage plants fed to goats by smallholders in four villages (Dofyo Wafor, Warsansan, Andey, Saukobye). Using a descriptive design, we conducted interviews and direct field observations with 20 purposively selected farmers. Forage taxa were identified to species level using field guides and plant-identification software; uncertain specimens were referred to the University of Papua’s Center for Biodiversity Research. We documented 12 forage species supplied to goats. The assemblage was dominated by woody plants—primarily trees and shrubs—with a small contribution from grasses. Ficus spp. were prominent within rations (e.g., F. maclellandii, F. racemosa, F. hispida, F. variegata), alongside other browse species such as Bauhinia glabra, Glochidion glomeratum, Macaranga hispida, Boehmeria nivea, Clerodendrum paniculatum, Garcinia dulcis, Morinda citrifolia, and Saccharum edule. By growth form, forages comprised approximately 67.7% trees, 25.0% shrubs, and 8.3% grasses. Several species reported dual use as ethnoveterinary resources (e.g., Glochidion glomeratum, Morinda citrifolia, Garcinia dulcis), indicating potential functional-feed roles beyond nutrition. Findings highlight a diverse, browse-dominated forage base that can be leveraged to support maintenance and production in smallholder goat systems. We recommend follow-up work on seasonal availability, nutritive value, and secondary-metabolite profiles to guide cultivation, ration formulation, and dry-season feeding strategies.

Physicochemical quality of cow’s milk mozzarella cheese using rennet enzyme and lime juice as a natural coagulant

Choirul Syamsul Rizal — 2025-09-17

Cow’s milk is a natural food source rich in essential nutrients and can be processed into various value-added products, including mozzarella cheese. Although traditional mozzarella is made from buffalo milk, cow’s milk is now more commonly used due to its wider availability and lower production costs. This study evaluated the effect of lime (Citrus aurantiifolia) juice as a natural coagulant on the sensory, physical, and chemical characteristics of cow’s milk mozzarella. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was applied using 500 mL of cow’s milk, 15 g coarse salt, and 0.5 mL rennet enzyme per batch, with varying volumes of lime juice. Data were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at P < 0.05. The resulting mozzarella showed soluble protein of 0.65–1.12%, moisture of 45.67–49.33%, yield of 8.80–11.00%, texture (penetrometer) of 0.05–1.58 mm/g, and meltability of 32.04–43.82%. Lime juice level significantly affected yield, texture, and meltability, but not soluble protein or moisture.

Viability of centrosema pubescens, macropthilium artopurpureum, and clitoria ternatea seeds with soaking treatment

Diana Sawen — 2025-09-17

The cultivation and utilization of legumes as forage crops are often constrained by hard seed coats that inhibit germination. Physical scarification through hot-water soaking offers a practical and effective solution for farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the germination viability of Centrosema pubescens, Macroptilium atropurpureum, and Clitoria ternatea seeds following soaking treatments. The experiment was conducted over two months at the Agrostology Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, University of Papua, using a completely randomized factorial design with two factors: soaking temperature (60°C, 70°C, and 80°C) and legume seed type, each replicated four times. The results showed that soaking seeds at 80°C significantly improved germination time, number of germinated seeds, seedling height, number of leaves, and overall germination percentage. The shortest germination time was two days, with 2–3 seeds germinating per species. Average seedling height reached 17.96 cm, and the highest number of leaves was 10 per species. Macroptilium atropurpureum achieved the highest germination rate at 83.33%. These findings demonstrate that hot-water soaking at 80°C is an effective method to enhance seed viability in these leguminous forage species.

The effect of level substitution of tapioca flour with local indonesian tuber flour on the physicochemical quality of local chicken sausage

Muhammad Mar'ie Sirajuddin — 2025-09-17

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of substituting tapioca flour with local Indonesian tuber flours on the physicochemical quality of chicken sausages. Three types of tuber flours—Cilembu sweet potato, purple sweet potato, and yellow sweet potato—were used as partial substitutes for tapioca flour. Four formulations were prepared: T0 (20 g tapioca, control), T1 (12 g tapioca + 2 g Cilembu + 2 g purple sweet potato + 4 g yellow sweet potato), T3 (12 g tapioca + 4 g Cilembu + 2 g purple sweet potato + 2 g yellow sweet potato), and T4 (12 g tapioca + 2 g Cilembu + 4 g purple sweet potato + 2 g yellow sweet potato). Physicochemical parameters assessed included pH, water-holding capacity (WHC), tenderness, cooking loss, and proximate composition (moisture, protein, fat, ash, and carbohydrate). The results showed that tuber flour substitution had a significant effect (P<0.05) on both chemical and physical qualities of chicken sausages. Treatment T3 exhibited the most favorable results, with higher protein and ash contents, lower fat levels, and improved WHC and tenderness compared to the control. These outcomes indicate that tuber flours not only act as effective functional fillers but also enhance the nutritional and technological qualities of chicken sausages. In conclusion, the partial substitution of tapioca with local Indonesian tuber flours offers a promising strategy to develop healthier and more functional meat products. This approach also supports the valorization of indigenous crops, contributing to food diversification and the utilization of local agricultural resources in Indonesia.